Selection, Material, Source, Temperature, Vapor Pressure, Element, Melting Point
Material / Source Selection Table
Temperature at Vapor Pressure
Symbol |
Element |
Melting Point |
10-2 Torr |
10-4 Torr |
10-6 Torr |
10-8 Torr |
Recommended Cell |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ag | Silver | 962 | 1027 | 832 | 685 | 574 | WEZ, PEZ |
| Al | Aluminium | 660 | 1217 | 972 | 812 | 685 | WEZ, PEZ |
| As | Arsenic | 817 | 277 | 204 | 150 | 104 | NTEZ, VACS, DECO-D |
| Au | Gold | 1064 | 1397 | 1132 | 947 | 807 | WEZ, PEZ HTEZ, EBV |
| B | Boron | 2080 | 2027 | 1707 | 1467 | 1282 | HTS, EBV |
| Ba | Barium | 725 | 610 | 462 | 354 | 272 | NTEZ |
| Be | Beryllium | 1280 | 1227 | 997 | 832 | 707 | WEZ, PEZ |
| Bi | Bismuth | 271 | 672 | 517 | 409 | 347 | NTEZ |
| C | Carbon | 3550 | 2457 | 2137 | 1867 | 1657 | SUKO, EBV |
| Ca | Calcium | 839 | 597 | 459 | 357 | 282 | NTEZ |
| Cd | Cadmium | 321 | 265 | 177 | 119 | 74 | NTEZ |
| Co | Cobalt | 1495 | 1517 | 1257 | 1067 | 922 | HTEZ, EBV |
| Cr | Chromium | 1857 | 1397 | 1157 | 977 | 837 | HTEZ, EBV |
| Cu | Copper | 1083 | 1257 | 1027 | 852 | 722 | WEZ, PEZ, HTEZ |
| Dy | Dysprosium | 1409 | 1117 | 897 | 747 | 625 | WEZ, PEZ |
| Er | Erbium | 1529 | 1177 | 947 | 777 | 649 | WEZ, PEZ |
| Eu | Europium | 822 | 611 | 466 | 361 | 283 | NTEZ |
| Fe | Iron | 1535 | 1477 | 1227 | 1032 | 892 | WEZ,HTEZ |
| Ga | Gallium | 30 | 1132 | 907 | 742 | 619 | WEZ |
| Ge | Germanium | 937 | 1397 | 1137 | 947 | 812 | WEZ, HTS |
| Hg | Mercury | -39 | 46 | 7 | -44 | -72 | HGS |
| In | Indium | 157 | 947 | 742 | 597 | 488 | WEZ, PEZ |
| K | Potassium | 63 | 208 | 123 | 65 | 21 | NTEZ |
| La | Lanthanum | 920 | 1727 | 1422 | 1192 | 1022 | HTEZ, HTS, EBV |
| Li | Lithium | 181 | 537 | 404 | 306 | 235 | NTEZ |
| Mg | Magnesium | 649 | 439 | 327 | 246 | 185 | NTEZ |
| Mn | Manganese | 1244 | 937 | 747 | 611 | 505 | WEZ, PEZ, NTEZ |
| Mo | Molybdenum | 2610 | 2527 | 2117 | 1822 | 1592 | EBV |
| Na | Sodium | 98 | 289 | 193 | 123 | 74 | NTEZ |
| Nb | Niobium | 2468 | 2657 | 2277 | 1987 | 1762 | EBV |
| Ni | Nickel | 1453 | 1527 | 1262 | 1072 | 927 | HTEZ, EBV |
| P | Phosphorus | 44 | 185 | 129 | 88 | 54 | DECO-D |
| Pb | Lead | 328 | 715 | 547 | 429 | 342 | NTEZ |
| Pd | Palladium | 1554 | 1462 | 1192 | 992 | 842 | HTEZ, HTS, EBV |
| Pt | Platinum | 1772 | 2097 | 1747 | 1492 | 1292 | HTEZ, HTS, EBV |
| Re | Rhenium | 3180 | 3067 | 2587 | 2217 | 1947 | EBV |
| Rh | Rhodium | 1966 | 2037 | 1707 | 1472 | 1277 | EBV |
| S | Sulfur | 113 | 109 | 55 | 17 | -10 | VCS |
| Sb | Antimony | 631 | 533 | 425 | 345 | 279 | DECO-D, NTEZ |
| Sc | Scandium | 1541 | 1377 | 1107 | 917 | 772 | WEZ, PEZ, HTEZ |
| Se | Selenium | 217 | 243 | 164 | 107 | 63 | NTEZ |
| Si | Silicon | 1410 | 1632 | 1337 | 1147 | 992 | SUSI, WEZ, EBV |
| Sn | Tin | 232 | 1247 | 997 | 807 | 682 | WEZ, PEZ |
| Sr | Strontium | 769 | 537 | 394 | 309 | 241 | NTEZ |
| Ta | Tantalum | 2996 | 3057 | 2587 | 2237 | 1957 | EBV |
| Te | Tellurium | 450 | 374 | 280 | 209 | 155 | NTEZ |
| Ti | Titanium | 1660 | 1737 | 1442 | 1227 | 1062 | HTEZ, HTS, EBV |
| Tl | Thallium | 304 | 609 | 463 | 359 | 283 | NTEZ |
| W | Tungsten | 3410 | 3227 | 2757 | 2407 | 2117 | EBV |
| Y | Yttrium | 1523 | 1632 | 1332 | 1117 | 957 | HTEZ, HTS, EBV |
| Yb | Ytterbium | 819 | 557 | 417 | 317 | 247 | NTEZ |
| Zn | Zinc | 420 | 344 | 247 | 177 | 123 | NTEZ |
